by Birgit Eggert
Most people know Atlas as the name of the Titan who, in Greek mythology, carries the heavens upon his shoulders, or as an appellative meaning ‘a book containing a collection of geographical (or astronomical) maps’. However, in Denmark, Atlas can also serve as a given name for both boys and girls, as well as a surname.
As a first name, it has surged into the top-50 list of names for boys born in 2024. Here, Atlas ranks 42nd with 159 name bearers. This represents an increase of more than 50% compared to the previous year, when 105 boys received Atlas as their first name.
Atlas as a Surname in Denmark
Historically, Atlas as a personal name has been strikingly absent in Denmark. In the older censuses of the population in Denmark, which can be accessed via the Danish Demographic Database, only two women bearing Atlas as a surname appear in the period from the early eighteenth century up to around 1900. In 1801, they were residing in the Poorhouse of the Royal Stables in Copenhagen and may well have been related. One, Anne Marie Atlas, was then 11 years old, while the other, Marie Atlas, was 52; both are recorded as spinners. They could have been mother and daughter, but this cannot be confirmed with certainty. Anne Marie Atlas reappears in the 1845 census as a patient at Sankt Hans Hospital in Roskilde, but otherwise no other bearers of the surname Atlas are found until well into the twentieth century.
Atlas re-emerges as a surname in Denmark only relatively late in the twentieth century. The earliest bearers seem to have been born in Turkey in the 1950s, and the surname entered Denmark with them (Danskernes Navne). It is hardly surprising that an internationally well-known name such as Atlas occurs as a surname elsewhere in the world. What is perhaps more surprising is that it did not previously arise as an established surname in Denmark. Today, 21 individuals bear Atlas as a surname in Denmark (Statistics Denmark).
As a given name, Atlas appears not to have been used in Denmark until its emergence in the current naming trend (see below).
Reasons for the Recent Surge in Popularity
When a given name suddenly becomes popular with a meteoric rise, as is the case with Atlas as a boy’s name in Denmark, there is often an obvious source of inspiration. However, this is difficult to establish for Atlas, even though its popularity appears to have emerged quite abruptly and in countries beyond Denmark.
In Denmark, its use as a boy’s name began around 2010, and from 2011 the frequency of Atlas as a first name increased rather sharply (see Figure 1). A corresponding popularity curve from the United States suggests that this is likely to be an international trend (see Figure 2). There must therefore be an international source of inspiration for using Atlas as a name for newborns, but identifying this source is far from straightforward.
The Titan Atlas in Greek mythology is the origin of the star name Atlas. The star Atlas belongs to the constellation of the Pleiades, also known as the Seven Sisters. This is also the title of a highly popular novel series by the Northern Irish author Lucinda Riley, published between 2014 and 2023. Many have suggested that the popularity of the name Atlas might be attributable to this series; however, as noted, the first volume appeared only in 2014, and Atlas became prominent only in the eighth and final book of the series, published in 2023. This is too late to have been decisive for the rise in popularity of Atlas as a boy’s name in Denmark, though the series—and especially its last volume—may well have boosted its popularity, as previously observed.
Several other recent films and books may have contributed to boosting, though not initiating, the popularity of Atlas as a boy’s name. Examples include the fantasy trilogy The Atlas Six (2020–2024) by the American author Olivie Blake, and the 2024 film Atlas, a science fiction action movie starring Jennifer Lopez.
A possible source of inspiration from popular culture closer to the onset of this trend is the science fiction film trilogy Atlas Shrugged, released in 2011, 2012, and 2014. It is based on the novel of the same title by the Russian-born American author Ayn Rand, first published in 1957 (Danish edition 1959 under the title Og verden skælvede).
A Phonetic Naming Trend?
However familiar the name Atlas may be from mythology, literature, and film, contemporary naming fashions are strongly influenced by preferences for particular sounds. A character from popular culture may be highly popular, yet if the name does not align with prevailing phonetic preferences, it will not become fashionable. Conversely, names that fit well within current sound patterns can rise in popularity without any input from popular culture—at least when they are already familiar as given names. This could, for instance, explain the long-standing popularity of names such as Emma and William.
In the case of Atlas, one might first need to recognise that it can function as a given name. Once its use has been introduced, however, phonetic factors may be decisive for its popularity. Atlas shares with a wide range of popular boys’ names the feature of ending in –as. When Statistics Denmark began publishing baby name data in 1985, names such as Andreas, Mathias, and Thomas were already popular; in the 1990s, names like Lucas/Lukas, Nicklas, and Tobias appeared. After 2000, this trend continued with boys’ names ending in –as, now including Elias, Silas, and Villads (the –d– is silent in Danish in this name), and most recently names such as Milas and Atlas have joined the list (see Figure 3).
It is therefore possible that the given name Atlas benefits from its phonetic qualities. Individual names are typically popular for a period of 10 to 20 years, occasionally somewhat longer, after which renewal seems needed. However, the phonetic patterns that dominate naming fashions do not change as rapidly; consequently, there is a perceived need for new names that fit the preferred sound profile, and Atlas appears to have found its place within this framework.
References
- Danskernes Navne = Bente Holmberg & Michael Lerche Nielsen, 2006: Danskernes Navne [The Names of the Danes]. A database containing all names borne by the 6.5 million individuals registered in the Danish Civil Registration System (CPR) as of January 1st 2005. The database is held at the Archive of Name Research, University of Copenhagen.
This is an adapted English version of Atlas – et gammelt, nyt fornavn published on September 1st 2025.